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NEW QUESTION 68
For which scenario would discrimination training be an appropriate behavior change strategy?
- A. Peter loves to talk to his peers, which is very disruptive during church.
- B. Suzi refuses to eat dinner, but she does eat breakfast and lunch.
- C. Nathan hits others during math class but not during other classes.
- D. Tabitha gloats when she wins a game and pouts when she loses.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 69
Which characteristic of the response measure shown in this graph changed from baseline during the
intervention phase?
- A. trend
- B. level
- C. variability
- D. rate
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 70
During three 30-minute observations, Linda gouged her eye 8, 17, and 12 times, respectively. Each incident lasted between 1 and 3 seconds, with an average duration of 1.3 seconds. Which is the BEST dimension to continue to measure?
- A. inter-response time
- B. duration
- C. latency
- D. rate
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 71
The matching law states that when responding is reinforced on concurrent VI-20 and VI-50 schedules, the:
- A. proportion of responses across the two alternatives will equal the proportion of reinforcers obtained for those alternatives.
- B. proportion of responses for each alternative will become equal over time.
- C. number of responses will match the number of reinforcers obtained.
- D. organism will respond exclusively to the alternative with the highest rate of reinforcement.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 72
A teacher uses a group contingency with her students. She states the following rule: "If everyone gets 100% on their spelling test the week, I will turn cartwheels down the hall for you." What type of group contingency is this?
- A. This is not a group contingency
- B. Independent group contingency
- C. Interdependent group contingency
- D. Dependent group contingency
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 73
Manipulating a students chair in a classroom setting to avoid distraction fro the window is an example of a
manipulation of a
- A. Antecedent variable
- B. Confounding variable
- C. Ecological variable
- D. Context variable
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 74
Staff alerts you that one of their clients seems to become aggressive when he has not consumed food for several hours. This phenomenon demonstrates the effect of a(n):
- A. Discriminative stimulus
- B. Negative reinforcer
- C. Establishing operation
- D. Conditioned stimulus
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 75
When using an alternating treatments design it is important to randomly:
- A. change each criterion level.
- B. order treatment conditions presented during each phase.
- C. assign participants to treatment conditions.
- D. select participants from the population of interest.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 76
Tommy is looking at a photo album with his dad. He looks at his dad and then points to a picture of his mom and says, "Mommy." This is an example of.
- A. receptive language.
- B. transitivity.
- C. matching to sample.
- D. a tact.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 77
Behavior analytic interventions that are effective in changing an individual's behavior in a socially important way are said to have:
- A. Parsimony
- B. Social validity
- C. Primary importance
- D. Interobserver reliability
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 78
Observation sessions should be scheduled so that the representativeness of the data can be maximized.
Considering behaviors occurring in a school setting, which of the following options is consistent with this
recommendation?
- A. Recordings of behavior during the whole school day may be needed initially to assess the
representativeness of samples within the day. - B. Representativeness can be assured by scheduling observations in sessions of 60 minutes or more in
the morning and afternoon school schedule. - C. Observations should be made only when the behavior is likely to occur most frequently during a day,
for instance, during a particular academic class. - D. Behaviors are given letter-codes that represent the complete topographical definition of the behaviors,
e.g., "on-task academic behavior" is represented by "O" on the recording sheet.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 79
One of the MOST important reasons for writing a precise definition of behavior is that a precise definition:
- A. increases the likelihood that the behavior of interest will be reliably detected by observers or measurement equipment.
- B. produces greater interobserver agreement and requires less training time for observers.
- C. makes calibration checks of observers or measurement equipment less necessary.
- D. allows for easier and more reliable quantification of temporal locus and temporal extent.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 80
The "hero procedure" refers to a contingency in which an individual, or small group, earns a reward for a class. This procedure is an example of what type of group contingency?
- A. independent
- B. interdependent
- C. dependent
- D. semi-dependent
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 81
Behavioral contracts must include.
- A. a summary of the functional assessment; written descriptions of how the behavior is to be measured; when behavior must occur; the contract manager; and the target behavior.
- B. vocal descriptions of how the behavior is to be measured; the consequences for its occurrence and non-occurrence; the contract manager; and the target behavior.
- C. a summary of the functional assessment; the target behavior; and the consequences for its occurrence and non-occurrence.
- D. written descriptions of how the behavior is to be measured; when behavior must occur; the consequences for its occurrence and non-occurrence; the contract manager; and the target behavior.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 82
The behavior analyst has had good results with an intervention she designed that makes access to video games contingent upon playing with other children. She now wants to compare the effects of differing amounts of video game access time. She should conduct a
- A. nonparametric study.
- B. reversal study.
- C. parametric study.
- D. changing criterion study.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 83
When using a changing criterion design, the BEST demonstration of experimental control would be
produced if the:
- A. behavior changes concurrently with the criterion level.
- B. criterion level is set well above that of the behavior.
- C. criterion level is changed slightly on each manipulation.
- D. criterion level is changed in equal increments.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 84
Three boys with autism, ages 7-10 years old, served as participants in a study. During baseline, staff used
response blocking when five instances of aggression or head-banging occurred within 10 seconds, until
attempts ceased for 1 minute. During baseline and treatment, each occurrence of aggression and head-
banging was recorded daily and converted to the number of responses per hour. Treatment comprised a
differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior (DRI) schedule coupled with response blocking after
every head-banging or aggression. The staff initially applied the treatment to head-banging, while
continuing to take a baseline on aggression.
After noting treatment effects on head-banging, the staff then applied the treatment to aggression.
In this scenario, how was direct replication shown?
- A. A changing criterion design was used wherein the criterion for reinforcement was gradually changed
over time. - B. A baseline condition was implemented.
- C. Baseline and intervention conditions were included.
- D. The intervention was implemented in a staggered fashion across target behaviors after the initial
baseline.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 85
Behavioral contracts must include.
- A. a summary of the functional assessment; written descriptions of how the behavior is to be measured; when behavior must occur; the contract manager; and the target behavior.
- B. vocal descriptions of how the behavior is to be measured; the consequences for its occurrence and non-occurrence; the contract manager; and the target behavior.
- C. a summary of the functional assessment; the target behavior; and the consequences for its occurrence and non-occurrence.
- D. written descriptions of how the behavior is to be measured; when behavior must occur; the consequences for its occurrence and non-occurrence; the contract manager; and the target behavior.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 86
A study was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of time-out for physical aggression. The time-out procedure would be considered the:
- A. independent variable.
- B. baseline measure.
- C. response measure.
- D. dependent variable.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 87
Placing a request that a child is least likely to perform at the end of a series of requests that the child is most likely to perform is a phenomenon known as:
- A. Mediated transfer
- B. Errorless learning
- C. The Premack principle
- D. High-probability request sequence
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 88
Which of the following scenarios involves a behavioral contingency?
- A. When asked to do her tasks, Doris said, "I will not do that!"
- B. While throwing a chair, Linda bit her tongue.
- C. Susan hit her head on the wall, and a staff person asked her to stop.
- D. James ate dinner tonight and came down with indigestion.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 89
Which of the following is NOT a dimension of applied behavior analysis?
- A. Technological
- B. Empirical
- C. Effective
- D. Applied
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 90
In order to replace a behavior targeted for change with a behavior that topographically does not resemble the target behavior, which differential reinforcement procedure would be BEST?
- A. DRI
- B. DRH
- C. DRL
- D. DRO
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 91
A reliable measure is one that is:
- A. trusted to be practical and to produce accurate data.
- B. consistent across observers and measurement occasions.
- C. effective as evidenced by peer-reviewed journal articles.
- D. socially valid as indicated by caregiver reports.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 92
Jim's teacher has taught him to say, "Hello, how are you?" and when he does this, she delivers praise. Now Jim says this whenever he meets anyone, and some people say,
"Fine, how are you?" What is the natural consequence for Jim's behavior?
- A. increased number of friends
- B. the responses of the people he meets
- C. improved social repertoire for Jim
- D. continuous reinforcement
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 93
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